Low Level Synthesis Interface

This is the most general interface to the Klatt synthesizer. It provides access to all standard features, but requires the most hand entry of data, and a fairly good understanding of how the Klatt synthesizer works. If you are not very familiar with the synthesizer and its control parameters, you might want to look at the Vowel Synthesis interface or the CV interface (for creating consonant vowel syllables). The process used in all these interfaces is patterned after (and actually calls) the program gensyn. Reading the documentation for that program (via the link on its name) could be useful. Particularly look at the Frame Data section in the gensyn documentation which describes the format used for entering data below.

In this interface, there are three sections to fill out, however, the first two contain default settings and values that may not need to be changed. The three sections allow you to:

  1. Set VAR/CONST Status to indicate which of the 39 synthesis control parameters are allowed to vary over time.
  2. Set Default Values for any of the control parameters.
  3. Enter a Synthesis Script to specify the time-course of parameters that were set as variable in the VAR/CONST section.

VAR/CONST Status

Each parameter for the synthesizer can be set to either vary over time or to remain constant. For most of our class exercises, we will only need to vary a few parameters consequently, most can be set to constant values and that will reduce the information you need to enter later on. By default, AV, AF, F0, F1, F2, and F3 are set to vary over time and all the other parameters are set as constants. You can choose to leave the default settings in the table below or switch on (or off) any parameters you choose.

AV AF AH AVS F0 F1 F2 F3
F4 FNZ AN A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
A6 AB B1 B2 B3 SW FGP BGP
FGZ BGZ B4 F5 B5 F6 B6 FNP
BNP BNZ FRA SR NWS GAI NFC

Default Values

This table lists default values for all parameters which have them. Very possibly, the default values in this table will be just fine for whatever you are trying to do. However, if you'd like to experiment, or find you need to change any of these values, go right ahead. When the values are set as you'd like, move on to the third and last step.

AV
AF
AH
AVS
F0
F1
F2
F3
F4
FNZ
AN
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
AB
B1
B2
B3
SW
FGP
BGP
FGZ
BGZ
B4
F5
B5
F6
B6
FNP
BNP
BNZ
FRA
SR
NWS
GAI
NFC

Synthesis Script

Enter values for time varying parameters at inflection points in their trajectories. For details on how to write synthesis scripts, see the description of the syntax in the gensyn documentation. Hint: When you get something you like, use the mouse to select the data in the text entry window and save it by copying and pasting the text into a text editor window.

Want to know what it sounds like?

Produce RIFF audio. This checkbox will let you select the format for the sound to be produced. The default (checked) is RIFF sound data (larger file, higher fidelity). If your computer/browser does not support RIFF (i.e., microsoft .wav format) files, or if you want shorter files because you are using a slow commuication channel, uncheck this box to receive .au audio. Some computers are configured to handle only one of these formats so if one does not work for you, try the other. If you are listening "for credit" you should be sure the box is checked.

All text and graphics unless otherwise specified by H. Timothy Bunnell, Ph.D
bunnell@asel.udel.edu
Last Modified: November 28, 2015 (htb).